INTAN BERLIAN

INTAN, skala kekerasan mineral Mohs : 10, sempurna

Intan adalah salahsatu benda terkeras dan terindah yang ada di muka bumi. Skala kekerasannya mencapai nilai 10, sedangkan baja saja hanya 6,5 - 7. Intan, terbentuk dari atom Karbon (C).

Skala kekerasan Mineral Mohs, Wikipedia

And what about that "Carbon" ? ..

Kok bisa jadi intan ?

Ujung pinsil yang berwarna hitam juga terbentuk dari Karbon. Namanya, Graphite. Tidak seperti intan, graphite berwarna hitam dan cenderung lunak. Graphite berasal dari bahasa Yunani ”Graphein” artinya ”menulis/menggambar”.

Carbon based economy

Batubara, arang, dan minyak bumi juga terbentuk dari Karbon, plus Hidrogen (H). Mereka menjadi sumber energi utama dunia saat ini (Carbon based fossil fuel). Karbon dibakar dan diambil energi Hidrogennya. Sayangnya ini juga menghasilkan zat Karbon-dioksida yang berlebih.

Sebenarnya Karbon-dioksida (CO2) penting bagi semua tumbuhan untuk berfotosintesis. Ditambah cahaya matahari, tumbuhan berfotosintesis dan tumbuh, dan menghasilkan Oksigen serta Karbohidrat yang dipakai untuk tumbuh (gula dan tepung pati, starch).

Photosyntesis

Tapi karena jumlah CO2 terus bertambah akibat industrialisasi dan meluasnya penebangan hutan, maka akumulasinya merusak ozon. Ini nantinya akan diatasi dengan teknologi baru yang bisa mendapat energi Hidrogen dari Air dengan memecahnya, dari H2O, Hydrolisis air.

Energi Hidrogen diambil langsung dari Air, tidak lagi memakai sumber energi berbasis Karbon lagi. Ini misalnya telah digunakan untuk beberapa mobil konsep berbahan bakar Hidrogen.

Karbon, juga ada dalam tubuh manusia karena pada dasarnya Karbon adalah elemen dari semua senyawa organik.

KOK KARBON BISA JADI MACAM-MACAM ?

Atom Karbon (C) bisa jadi macam-macam bentuk karena susunan struktur atomnya berbeda-beda. Elemen atom yang sama, kalau bentuk susunannya berbeda, akan menciptakan benda yang berbeda. Istilahnya kerennya, Alotropi ( Greek ; allos, other, and tropos, manner).

Apa ada elemen lain yang penting ?

Sekarang, ilmuwan telah menemukan struktur elemen Karbon baru, yang 200 kali lebih kuat dari baja, dan lebih keras dari intan, namanya ...



KARBON, Carbon, C, Nomor atom 6.

Artspace 2008 Winners

TABUNG NANO KARBON, MATERIAL AJAIB FUTURISTIS.

TABUNG NANO KARBON

Ilmuwan dunia

diam-diam telah menemukan sebuah material ajaib baru, material berukuran nano yang 100-200 kali lebih kuat dari baja dan kevlar, dan lebih keras dari intan.

Tidak itu saja, tapi juga 10 kali lebih ringan, fleksibel seperti plastik, dan menghantarkan listrik lebih baik bahkan dari tembaga. Material ini dinamakan Carbon Nanotube, atau Tabung Nano Karbon.

“They are stronger than steel, and as flexible as plastic, conduct energy better than almost any material ever discovered, and can be made from unexotic raw materials such as methane gas”.

“The Stuff of Dreams”, CNET.com

Ini adalah impian semua ilmuwan untuk masa depan, penemuan baru yang efeknya akan sangat revolusioner.

Mobil dan pesawat masa depan akan berbadan jauh lebih kuat tapi lebih ringan, dan juga akan menjadikannya irit bahan bakar. TV LCD dan layar komputer juga akan jadi lebih baik, lebih tahan panas, dan lebih murah.

Dalam kemiliteran, ini bisa dipakai untuk lapisan pelindung tank atau pesawat tempur yang lebih kuat, bahkan seragam anti peluru yang sangat ringan.

Dan Tabung Nano karbon yang superkuat ini juga akan memungkinkan dibangunnya struktur bangunan yang sangat futuristis seperti Space Elevator, Tangga Luar Angkasa.

Elevator ini menghubungkan secara langsung bumi dengan stasiun ruang angkasa ratusan kilometer di orbit Bumi.

“A Carbon Nanotube is essentially a sheet of carbon atoms—
arranged in hexagons--that curls up into a tube”.

Tabung nano karbon pada dasarnya adalah lembaran atom Karbon super tipis yang tersusun dalam bentuk hexagonal, dan dilipat dalam bentuk tabung. Salahsatu varian komposisi material ini adalah Buckypaper, dari nama penemu bentuknya, Richard Buckminster ("Bucky") Fuller.

Material ini berukuran Nano, ukuran super kecil sepersemilyar meter. Seandainya rambut manusia dibelah 50.000 kali, itulah ukuran Nano.

Lho ? Lalu bagaimana kita bisa melihat atau memanipulasi materi sekecil itu? Mudah, kita melihatnya dengan mikiroskop super canggih seperti Mikroskop Gaya Atom (Atomic Force Microscope, AFM).

“Touted as ‘harder than diamonds’ and ‘stronger than steel at a fraction of the weight’, buckypaper, which has the potential for use in illuminating devices, heat sinks, armor, and electromagnetic protective skins, might help usher in a new age in material technology”.

The futureofthings.com

Saat ini tantangan terbesarnya adalah harganya yang masih mahal. Tentu saja karena masih dalam tahap awal. Tapi dengan penelitian yang intensif, biaya pembuatannya akan bisa makin efisien. Dan bila sudah bisa diproduksi secara masal, maka harganya sudah akan bisa menjadi murah.

Dan saat itu, seluruh benda di dunia mungkin sudah akan menggunakan material ajaib ini. Material yang lebih kuat dari baja dan lebih keras dari intan. Fleksibel, dan ringan. Tabung Nano Karbon.

The Stuff of Dreams, Nanotubes, CNET.com
'Buckypaper': stronger than steel, harder than diamonds, physorg.com
The Future of Things, Buckypaper, Nanotubes on Steroids, The Future of Things.com
Carbon Nanotube, Wikipedia
Tensile strength, Wikipedia

Tangga Luar Angkasa

Tangga Luar Angkasa, The Space Elevator..

Audacious & Outrageous: Space Elevators

The Space Elevator Comes Closer to Reality, Space.com
Space Elevator, Wikipedia

KEPEMIMPINAN

If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more,

You are a leader.

John Quincy Adams, Presiden ke 4 Amerika.

"2057, THE WORLD"

"2057, The World" video.

Video super dahsyat tentang rangkaian teknologi tercanggih masa depan. Tayangan dari Discovery Channel.

Saksikan lanjutan, disini.

NAPOLEON

NAPOLEON, 15 Agustus 1769 – 5 Mei 1821.

"In Italy, I realized I was a superior being,
and conceived the ambition of performing great things."

Napoleon adalah salah satu jenderal terbesar dalam sejarah. Seorang genius, workaholic, tidur hanya 4 jam sehari, dan punya ambisi yang tak terbatas. Umur 16 tahun, ia sudah menjadi tentara Prancis berpangkat letnan.

Umur 24 ide geniusnya membuat Prancis berhasil mengusir armada Inggris dari Toulon. Umur 27 tahun, ia sudah jadi pemimpin dari seluruh pasukan Prancis di Italia. Dan di umurnya yang ke-30, Napoleon praktis sudah jadi penguasa tunggal di seluruh Prancis.

Dan dia lalu ingin menguasai seluruh Eropa, dan lalu, seluruh dunia..

The word ‘impossible’ is not in my dictionary

Imagination rules the world.

Genius is an infinite capacity for taking pains.

I love a brave soldier who has undergone the baptism of fire.

An army marches on its stomach.

A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.

There are only two forces in the world, the sword and the spirit.
In the long run the sword will always be conquered by the spirit.

All men are equal before God: wisdom, talents, and virtue,
are the only difference between them.

Great men are like meteors, which shine and consume themselves
to enlighten the earth.

To have a right estimate of a man’s character, we must see him in misfortune.

To do all that one is able to do, is to be a man;
to do all that one would like to do, is to be a god.

A leader is a dealer in hope.

He who is unmoved by tears has no heart.

Nothing is more difficult, and therefore more precious,
than to be able to decide.

In politics stupidity is not a handicap.

The act of policing is, in order to punish less often, to punish more severely.

The best cure for the body, is a quiet mind.

There is one kind of robber whom the law does not strike at,
and who steals what is most precious to men: Time.

Battle of the Nile, 1-2 Agustus 1798

Siapa sih, Napoleon?

Europe and the Superior Being: Napoleon
Napoleon, Emperor of France
Napoleon, About.com, European History
Napoleon, Wikipedia

TEORI MEKANIKA KUANTUM

TEORI MEKANIKA KUANTUM

T-shirt Mekanika Kuantum dari Thinkgeek.com, US$ 16.99

Apa hubungannya "Mekanika Kuantum", dengan "Ketidakpastian"?
Apa itu sebenarnya Mekanika Kuantum?
Dan kenapa, teori alam semesta ajaib ini sempat bikin Einstein jadi bingung?

... dan apakah anda pernah mendengar istilah, Parallel Universe?

Lihat penjelasannya yang lumayan menarik lewat Komputer Kuantum, disini.
Give it a try.

Biografi Albert Einstein

“Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius – and a lot of courage – to move in the opposite direction"

Albert Einstein.

Albert Einstein menemukan rumusnya yang super dahsyat tapi begitu sederhana, waktu umurnya baru 26 tahun. Saat itu dia tidak berada di lingkungan para ilmuwan dan intelektual, melainkan hanya bekerja jadi pegawai kantor hak paten di Berne, Swiss.

Rumus besar apa yang dihasilkannya waktu umur 26 tahun ?

Tahukah Anda apa hobi Einstein sejak kecil?

Lihat disini, Biografi Einstein.

5 Makanan yang akan Memberi Anda Kekuatan "Manusia Super"

"5 Foods to Give You Superhuman Powers"

1. X-Ray Vision

Superman squandered his x-rays peering through brick walls instead of Lois Lane's flimsy feminist veneer. To keep your perception sharp, you need two key things: lutein and zeaxanthin, which sound like villains but aren't.

Macular tissue—the clump of photoreceptors on each retina—degenerates faster than the rest of the eye, and as it does, you no longer see clearly, so "you lose the ability to read and to drive," says Steve Pratt, M.D., author of SuperFoods Rx. "There's a big smudge in the center of everything.

"Researchers at Heinrich Heine University in Germany found that lutein and zeaxanthin help filter blue light, which may wreck macular tissue. "People with high levels of these two phytonutrients are at lower risk of both macular degeneration and cataracts," Dr. Pratt says.

Your secret source:

Bayam dan Alpukat (Spinach, Avocado)

Dr. Pratt recommends 12 milligrams (mg) a day of the two nutrients combined, or ½ to ¾ cup of cooked spinach, one of the best sources. Cooking concentrates the greens and their powers; to get 12 mg from raw spinach, you'd be munching forever—and using too much dressing.

2. Superhuman Strength

You can't build shoulders and biceps like the Hulk's unless you have a great special-effects department in your basement. But you can make the most of your workouts by eating at the right time. You probably already have the "guzzle a protein shake immediately after a workout" thing down. (And if you don't, start now; you have a 60-minute window for maximum protein uptake and glycogen restoration after exercise.) The rest of the day, make sure you take in the calories and protein you need for muscle growth.

Your secret source:

Medium Rare Steak dan Keju

Bulk up on lean meat, nuts, and cheese. Researchers at the University of Connecticut found that cutting carbs can change body composition better than cutting fat can. In a 6-week study, normal-weight men who trimmed calories by following an old-school low-carb diet traded 7.4 pounds of fat mass for 2.4 pounds of lean muscle.

Lead researcher Jeff Volek, Ph.D., R.D., an assistant professor of kinesiology, attributes the boosted burn to a reduction in insulin levels. "The effects are more pronounced when the diet is only slightly restricted in energy," he says.That means there's no need to be all crazy about cutting carb calories. Just be sensible: Skip the cookies before bedtime.

3. Mental Firepower

What would Batman be without his deductive powers? Just a lonely, frustrated millionaire in a cape. You, on the other hand, can stay sharp (and maybe make your own millions) by getting enough Niacin.

A study at Chicago's Rush Institute for Healthy Aging found that people with diets high in niacin had a lower risk of both Alzheimer's and age-related cognitive decline. The study was done on people 65 and over, but lead researcher Martha Morris, Sc.D., says, "Some studies show that niacin is important for DNA synthesis and repair, as well as for normal brain functioning. One could surmise that people of all ages should make sure they eat a diet that includes niacin-rich foods."

In the study, the top 20 percent of niacin consumers, who got 20 to 48 mg a day from food, had an 80 percent reduction in Alzheimer's risk.

Your secret source:

Ikan Salmon dan Ayam Masak Lemon

Look to fish and poultry. Four ounces of chicken breast has 15 mg; 4 ounces of swordfish has 13 mg. Oddly, foods high in tryptophan (the stuff that seems to shut down your brain after Thanksgiving dinner) can add to your niacin intake, too; the body uses tryptophan to make niacin when it needs a fresh supply. So even though turkey breast contains only 6 mg niacin per 3 ounces, it's another good source.

4. "Invisibility"

Now you see him, now you...well, see less of him—no disfiguring accident required. George Fahey, Ph.D., a professor of animal sciences at the University of Illinois, studies pig stomachs for clues to men's stomachs. He has established that compounds called oligosaccharides and resistant starches aren't digested completely and so have fewer calories than we think.

But are men pigs? Depends who you ask, but Fahey says our digestive systems are similar. If pigs don't digest it, men won't either.

Your secret source:

Pisang (Banana)

Smart dieting is easier than you think, Fahey says. Artichokes, onions, shallots, bananas, and beans have fewer absorbable calories than standard measures show—i.e., consequence-free food. Beans and peas are particularly high in resistant starches: "A conservative estimate is that people extract approximately a third fewer calories from beans than the label says," according to Fahey. Sadly, oligosaccharides and resistant starches haven't yet been found in prime rib or cheesecake.

5. Eternal Youth

Superheroes are on call 24-7, in perpetuity. No old age, no retirement, no condo in Florida. What's the secret? "Keep your biological age lower than your chronological age," Dr. Pratt says.

One way to do that is by getting your astaxanthin, the potent carotenoid that gives salmon its orangey color.

Astaxanthin acts as an antioxidant, neutralizing free radicals. Just as oxidation eats away at your car's quarter panels, free radicals age your cells. Astaxanthin is Rust-Oleum for your body."While there aren't any clinical human studies yet," says Dr. Pratt, "astaxanthin is showing promise in the fight to slow biological aging." It may also help fight cancer and atherosclerosis, and have anti-inflammatory and UV-protective properties.

Your secret source:

Salmon Salad, dan Salmon Bayam Saus Taragon

Dr. Pratt recommends 3 ounces of salmon 4 days a week. Salmon caught in the wild has up to 80 percent more astaxanthin than the farmed kind. The wild variety should be easy to find now, because it's just coming off its peak season. (Other sources include shrimp, crab, and trout.)

Besides astaxanthin, salmon contains omega-3 fatty acids, which lower your risk of heart disease—particularly helpful, because not dying is the ultimate superhero power.

MENINGKATKAN ENERGI FISIK SAMPAI 25%.

"SLEEP LESS AND INCREASE YOUR ENERGY BY 25%"
© 2002, Roger Haeske

I recently discovered something very interesting. Digestion sucks up a tremendous portion of our available energy. What, when and how you eat makes a tremendous difference in how much energy you have and how much you need to sleep at night.

Lately I've needed a lot of sleep, around 9 hours per night. I had been eating the raw food diet but I had made changes to the composition of what kind of raw foods I was eating. Basically I increased my fat consumption by around 25%. I was also eating these heavy and fatty meals late at night.

Fat, even raw vegetarian fat, takes a very long time to digest. While we are digesting fat it takes up lots of our available energy. In fact it can take up so much energy that you may want to fall asleep after a heavy meal. So keep in mind that digestion is our number one energy drain.

Low Carbohydrate Diet, Wikipedia

The next biggest energy drain is eating

complex carbohydrates like bread, pasta, cereal, rice, etc. Yes these energy foods drain our energies while we are trying to break them down to release the energy. Remember they are complex and that is why it takes a lot of energy to digest them.

The easiest foods to digest are fruits. All you have to do is replace your complex carb calories with eating sweet fruits. Bananas are the ideal food for athletes or anyone wanting to experience Peak Performance. You also need to lower your fat intake to no more than 30% of your diet. Preferably you would eat raw fats instead of cooked fats.

Pisang, Fruit is good..

Any time you cook a food you make it harder to digest and you destroy most of the nutrients in the food. The enzymes which help you digest the food are completely destroyed by cooking, vitamins can be reduced 30 to 90%, proteins are made unusable, and on and on.

That is why so many people are overweight. They are eating foods with empty calories. Therefore they need to eat much more food to somehow get the missing nutrients their bodies crave. Cooked food is food devoid of nutrients and life. And it sucks up all your physical energy and mental enthusiasm while trying to digest it.

Now back to my story. The other day I decided to increase my fruit consumption and dramatically reduce my fat consumption. The following day I was full of energy again and needed only 6 hours of sleep. Imagine that, a 3 hour difference. How much more could you be enjoying your life if you had 1, 2, or 3 hours extra time to each day of your life?

In a year you would have gained an extra 15 days or more than 2 weeks. You've just increased your lifespan because you'll be doing more conscious living.

Add to all that the fact that you have way more energy and the many other health benefits of eating fruits and vegetables and your life has taken a quantum leap forward in fulfillment.

I have a friend who was dating a woman named Nini from Sweden who took this digestion principle even further or maybe to its extreme. Because of her diet she was able to do incredible things. For one thing she refuses to ever sit down.

She doesn't need to. She stands up all day at work while drawing on her aisle. She gave up her car and decided to ride her bike to work one hour each way. She only needed a few hours of sleep every night. Nini has been experiencing these benefits for the last ten years.

What is her secret? She eats only grapes. She eats every variety of grapes, but that is the only food she'll eat. My friend even offered her ripe, juicy and fresh of the tree organic peaches, but she refused to eat them.

Now I don't recommend you only eat grapes. She did this because she had negative reactions to almost every kind of food. I think it's important for most people to replenish their minerals and vitamins by eating a variety of fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. But this just shows you how much digestion saps our strength.

Anggur (Grapes)

Also avoid heavy fatty or starchy meals late at night. There are even more secrets to this program and specific keys to doing it right, but this should get you started in the right direction.

Roger Haeske

Rahasianya :

1. Kurangi lemak dan karbohidrat, terutama malam hari.
2. Perbanyak buah-buahan, terutama pisang dan anggur.

SELAMAT MENCOBA!

Kekayaan Warren Buffet

Bapak Warren Buffet

Warren Buffet, waktu umur 6 tahun membeli 6 botol Coca-Cola seharga 25 sen, lalu menjualnya dengan harga 5 sen per botol. Untung 5 sen, atau 20%.

Umur 14 tahun ia membeli 16 hektar tanah di Thurston County, Washington. Hasil dari jualan koran.

Warren Buffet sekarang, 2008, mempunyai kekayaan total US$ 62 Milyar. Dia adalah salahsatu orang terkaya di dunia.

"Success, is really doing what you love and doing it well. It’s as simple as that."

Warren benar-benar adalah orang yang menyenangkan.
Gambar kanan, Warren bersama Bill Gates main pingpong di meeting tahunan Berkshire Hathaway, 6 Mei 2007.

Warren telah menyumbangkan separuh hartanya, senilai US$ 30 Milyar, sekitar 270 Trilyun untuk membantu orang lain. (US$ 1 = Rp 9.000)

Umurnya sekarang 77 tahun. Dia kemana-mana tetap suka menyetir mobilnya sendiri.

Learn more about the most richest man on earth

The Billionaire Next Door: The Wisdom of Warren Buffett
How Warren Buffet made his billions, Moneycontrol.com
Warren Buffet, Knowledge Base
Warren Buffet, Wikipedia
Kata-kata Bijak, Warren Buffet
List of philanthropists, daftar orang-orang yang paling banyak
menyumbangkan hartanya untuk kemanusiaan, Wikipedia

TEORI RELATIVITAS EINSTEIN

Teori Relativitas Einstein

Untuk penjelasannya lihat disini, Teori Relativitas Einstein

APA ITU DNA ?

APA ITU DNA?

DNA adalah : Rangkaian molekul penentu bentuk dan sifat semua makhluk hidup.

Semua makhluk hidup punya DNA. Manusia, kucing, monyet, pohon, tomat, pisang, bayam, dinosaurus. Semua punya kode genetik yang menentukan bentuk dan sifat-sifat mereka.

Jadi kenapa kita terbentuk seperti manusia, atau tiap orang punya ciri genetis yang berbeda, atau tumbuhan berbentuk seperti tumbuhan, atau kenapa kita mirip dengan orangtua kita, dan berbeda dengan orang lain, semuanya karena DNA yang unik.

Ada orang yang berkulit putih, ada yang sawo matang. Ada yang rambutnya bule atau berwarna hitam. Semuanya karena kita mempunyai elemen-elemen pembentuk biologis yang unik, yaitu DNA. Sekarang anda sudah tahu apa itu DNA.

Jurassic Park

Dalam film "Jurassic Park", para ilmuwan yang dibiayai Milyuner John Hammond bahkan bisa "menciptakan" aneka ragam dinosaurus hidup, dengan memakai kode genetik DNA dari fosil nyamuk yang menghisap darah dinosaurus.

DNA adalah resep, skema, sistematika, manual, peta, cetak biru, rancangan, dan informasi biologis yang unik dari makhluk hidup. Persis seperti setiap bangunan gedung yang ada cetak birunya masing-masing.

DNA...

Tidak hanya bentuk fisik makhluk hidup, tapi juga sifat, lewat keturunan.
Jadi sifat manusia bisa terbentuk dari 2 hal,
1. turunan genetik, lewat DNA dari orangtua kita.
2. unsur lingkungan.
Dan unsur yang satu bisa lebih dominan dari yang lain.













DNA, Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid.
Kode genetik makhluk hidup. Bentuknya Double Helix, meliuk seperti spiral.

Penting nggak sih kita tahu soal DNA kita?

Sangat penting.
Karena dengan menganalisa DNA, kita akan bisa jauh lebih memahami cara kerja dan keadaan tubuh kita, dengan sangat detail. Sampai ke level molekuler.

Ini nantinya memungkinkan ..

Kita bisa hidup lebih sehat, lebih lama, lebih jauh dari penyakit. Tidak hanya dengan diobati, tapi lewat pencegahan, mendeteksi gen, bahkan dari sejak lahir.

Dengan adanya peta yang detail dari tiap molekul tubuh manusia, anomali-anomali terkecil pun bisa langsung ditemukan dan diperbaiki.

Dengan penyelidikan DNA yang paling mutakhir, mungkin nantinya manusia bisa bebas dari penyakit-penyakit berbahaya, seperti kanker, diabetes, atau jantung.

Tapi tidak itu saja, pengetahuan itu memungkinkan manusia menemukan gen-gen unggul, memanipulasi gen unggul, memperkuatnya, bahkan mengkombinasikannya dengan gen-gen unggul dari luar. Genetic Engineering.

"Human genetic engineering has the potential to change human beings' appearance, adaptability, intelligence, character and behavior. It may potentially be used in creating more dramatic changes in humans".

Genetic Engineering, Wikipedia

X-MEN, manusia-manusia super yang tercipta
dari mutasi DNA.

Kita Tidak Berbeda, tapi Sama

Semua orang di seluruh dunia ternyata adalah sama. Semua umat manusia, bule, asia, afrika, latin, punya 99% molekul DNA yang persis sama. Dan yang membuat perbedaan seperti warna kulit dan rambut, hanya berasal dari 1% perbedaan genetik saja.

Bahkan antara manusia dengan simpanse pun perbedaan genetiknya hanya 5 % (Wikipedia, Human Genome).

Kita semua adalah makhluk hidup yang sama, ciptaan Tuhan yang Maha Esa.

Proyek Biologi Terbesar dalam Sejarah Manusia,
The Human Genome Project

"Without a doubt, this is the most important,

most wondrous map ever produced by humankind."
Bill Clinton, 26 Juni 2000.

Ini benar-benar sebuah upaya raksasa. Para peneliti terbaik di dunia, dari Amerika, Inggris, Jerman, Prancis, Jepang dan China, mengerjakan proyek ini dengan dana US$ 3 Milyar, dan memerlukan waktu 13 tahun, dari tahun 1990 -2003 untuk menyelesaikannya.

Banyak yang membandingkan proyek pemetaan gen manusia ini dengan Proyek Manhattan yang menciptakan bom atom, energi terdahsyat dalam sejarah manusia, dan peluncuran manusia ke Bulan.

Tujuannya adalah menciptakan peta yang sangat detail dari DNA manusia, dengan harapan agar manusia punya pemahaman baru yang lebih detail dan revolusioner tentang tubuh manusia. Dengan proyek ini, kesehatan, potensi biogenetik, dan kemampuan manusia dalam mencegah dan mengobati penyakit akan jauh lebih signifikan.

Mungkin suatu hari nanti, manusia bisa hidup sampai lebih dari 100 tahun, dan bebas dari segala macam penyakit. Kita tunggu saja.


Jadi Anda sudah tahu apa itu DNA kan?
Rangkaian elemen molekul penentu bentuk dan sifat makhluk hidup.

DNA, Wikipedia.

Human Genome Project

The Secret of Life, Time Magazine.

So, We've Got the Genome Map. Now, What to Do With It? Time
Animasi, Tour of The Basics, What is DNA? University of Utah

A Twist of Fate, Time.

Bagaimana Francis Crick dan James Watson menemukan "Rahasia Kehidupan".

"Watson and Crick weren't necessarily the smartest scientists in the contest (though they were plenty smart). They weren't the most experienced; their track records in this area of science, in fact, were essentially nonexistent. They didn't have the best equipment. They didn't even know much biochemistry.

But, despite these dismal odds, they made a discovery that in the half-century since has transformed science, medicine and much of modern life—though the full impact has yet to be felt".

APA ITU DNA

Apaan sih... DNA?

Emang penting gitu?

The simplest answer that even every kids can understand,

coming this weekend.

In here...